What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you researching the efficiency ratings of new HVAC systems? Perhaps you’re just curious to understand the rating on your current HVAC unit. In either case, you can find the efficiency rating and estimated annual operating costs by checking the yellow Energy Guide label around the side of the unit. We’d like to share some details about the multiple ratings you might read and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER is short for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a rating of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating is a calculation of the cooling output of an air conditioning unit over a full cooling season, divided by the total amount of energy utilized within that time frame. A higher SEER rating indicates better energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

As of 2023, the minimum SEER rating for recently manufactured air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an improvement from the old minimum expectation of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This modification is one part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) ongoing efforts to lower energy consumption and carbon emissions.

Nowadays, high-end air conditioners tout ratings of 26 SEER or higher, offering fantastic energy savings. Unfortunately, exceptional SEER ratings typically come with a higher up-front cost. This simply means you should give some thought to both the initial investment and the potential for ongoing savings when selecting a new air conditioner.

What Is an EER Rating?

While SEER ratings are more well-known, cooling systems have another efficiency statistic you should be aware of. It’s known as EER, and it means Energy Efficiency Ratio. This rating suggests the effectiveness of an air conditioner under specified operating situations. The EER rating enables you to understand if the system will keep up with demand on extreme summer days.

Currently, only the southwest area of the nation has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. The highest ratings top out at about 14 EER. In most cases SEER and EER almost always correspond, with higher ratings signifying stronger overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are measurements of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps while in heating mode. HSPF is a percentage of the total heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) over the heating season to the volume of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating means a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, an improvement from the preceeding minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By requiring higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE wants to motivate people to use more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses across the U.S. You can always settle for the minimum, but it’s a wise choice to consider a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the best performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are yet another standard of heating system efficiency, but they only pertain to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a proportion of the yearly heat output to the fuel used during that period. The higher the AFUE rating, the more efficient the heating system.

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces has been modified to 81. Formerly, the southern regions had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the northern states required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. While you aren’t required to install anything above the minimum, you’ll save on your energy bills by opting for a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established the ENERGY STAR program during the Clinton Administration to help homeowners and businesses discover the most energy-efficient products available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that meet or exceed specific criteria can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products go far beyond the minimum requirements to save energy and reduce emissions without sacrificing performance or features. Additionally, you can look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which highlights the leading performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is actually updating the qualification requirements in the wake of the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help deciding which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is right for your budget, call Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can evaluate your circumstances and help you make an informed choice. We can provide you with a wide range of products from today’s top brands, all of which meet or exceed the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so sure you’ll be satisfied with our services that we give you a 100% satisfaction guarantee! For details or to schedule a complimentary HVAC installation quote, please contact a Service Experts office near you.